Therapeutic Use of Extracellular Vesicles for Acute and Chronic Lung Disease.
Erin N WorthingtonJames S HagoodPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2020)
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess regenerative properties and have been shown to improve outcomes and survival in acute and chronic lung diseases, but there have been some safety concerns raised related to MSC-based therapy. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that many of the regenerative effects of MSCs can be attributed to the MSC-derived secretome, which contains soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-derived EVs) replicate many of the beneficial effects of MSCs and contain a variety of bioactive factors that are transferred to recipient cells, mediating downstream signaling. MSC-derived EV therapy holds promise as a safe and effective treatment for pulmonary disease, but there remain many scientific and clinical questions that will need to be addressed before EVs are widely applied as a therapy. To date, the use of MSC-derived EVs as a treatment for lung disease has been conducted primarily in in vitro or pre-clinical animal models. In this review, we will discuss the current published research investigating the use of EVs as a potential therapeutic for acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), asthma, and silicosis.
Keyphrases
- mesenchymal stem cells
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- umbilical cord
- cell therapy
- pulmonary hypertension
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- stem cells
- mechanical ventilation
- liver failure
- bone marrow
- drug induced
- respiratory failure
- pulmonary artery
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- machine learning
- coronary artery
- replacement therapy
- cell death
- adipose tissue
- aortic dissection
- systemic sclerosis
- hepatitis b virus
- allergic rhinitis
- cell cycle arrest
- artificial intelligence
- inflammatory response
- air pollution
- weight loss