Nitrosylation vs. oxidation - How to modulate cold physical plasmas for biological applications.
Jan-Wilm LackmannGiuliana BrunoHelena JablonowskiFriederike KogelheideBjörn OfferhausJulian HeldVolker Schulz-von der GathenKatharina StapelmannThomas von WoedtkeKristian WendePublished in: PloS one (2019)
Thiol moieties are major targets for cold plasma-derived nitrogen and oxygen species, making CAPs convenient tools to modulate redox-signaling pathways in cells and tissues. The underlying biochemical pathways are currently under investigation but especially the role of CAP derived RNS is barely understood. Their potential role in protein thiol nitrosylation would be relevant in inflammatory processes such as wound healing and improving their specific production by CAP would allow for enhanced treatment options beyond the current application. The impact of a modified kINPen 09 argon plasma jet with nitrogen shielding on cysteine as a thiol-carrying model substance was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The deposition of short-lived radical species was measured by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, long-lived species were quantified by ion chromatography (NO2-, NO3-) and xylenol orange assay (H2O2). Product profiles were compared to samples treated with the so-called COST jet, being introduced by a European COST initiative as a reference device, using both reference conditions as well as conditions adjusted to kINPen gas mixtures. While thiol oxidation was dominant under all tested conditions, an Ar + N2/O2 gas compositions combined with a nitrogen curtain fostered nitric oxide deposition and the desired generation of S-nitrosocysteine. Interestingly, the COST-jet revealed significant differences in its chemical properties in comparison to the kINPen by showing a more stable production of RNS with different gas admixtures, indicating a different •NO production pathway. Taken together, results indicate various chemical properties of kINPen and COST-jet as well as highlight the potential of plasma tuning not only by gas admixtures alone but by adjusting the surrounding atmosphere as well.
Keyphrases
- high frequency
- room temperature
- nitric oxide
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- liquid chromatography
- hydrogen peroxide
- induced apoptosis
- high resolution
- carbon dioxide
- wound healing
- mass spectrometry
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- single molecule
- tandem mass spectrometry
- physical activity
- electron transfer
- cell proliferation
- high speed
- genetic diversity
- cell cycle arrest
- pi k akt
- ultra high performance liquid chromatography
- nitric oxide synthase
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- quality improvement
- fluorescent probe
- cell death
- solid state
- atomic force microscopy
- single cell
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- small molecule
- high performance liquid chromatography
- energy transfer
- binding protein
- amino acid
- living cells