Effects of different force directions of intra-oral skeletally anchored maxillary protraction on craniomaxillofacial complex, in Class III malocclusion: a 3D finite element analysis.

The treatment effects of I-SAMP were corroborated, with insight of displacement patterns and sutures involved, which were lacking in the previously conducted 2D and 3D imaging studies. The prescribed angulation of skeletally anchored Class III elastics should be as low as possible, since the displacement of zygomatico-maxillary complex increases with the decrease in angulation of the elastics.