Intranasal and Intramuscular Immunization with Outer Membrane Vesicles from Serogroup C Meningococci Induced Functional Antibodies and Immunologic Memory.

We concluded that both adjuvants, CTB and AH, improved the immunogenicity of low doses of OMVs and contributed to a persistent immune response. Even though AH is well established in the vaccinology area, CTB seems to be a promising adjuvant candidate for meningococcal vaccines: it is suitable for mucosal delivery and supports a Th2 type of response. Therefore, OMVs are still a relevant vaccine platform.