Acute analgesic effect of nicotine vaping using three experimental pain induction tasks: a randomized, placebo-controlled laboratory study.
Michael P BremmerMichael B PaladinoAlana M CampbellKai XiaRobert TarranChristian S HendershotSusan S GirdlerPublished in: Psychopharmacology (2024)
Consistent with research from tobacco smoking, analgesia may be reinforcing and contribute to nicotine dependence among ENDS users. More research on sex differences is warranted.