New Chlorinated Metabolites and Antiproliferative Polyketone from the Mangrove Sediments-Derived Fungus Mollisia sp. SCSIO41409.

Two new chlorinated metabolites, 8-chlorine-5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-7-methoxychromone ( 1 ) and 3,4-dichloro-1 H -pyrrole-2,5-dione ( 3 ), and eight known compounds ( 2 and 4 - 9 ) were isolated from the mangrove sediments-derived fungus Mollisia sp. SCSIO41409. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of stemphone C ( 4 ) was established for the first time by the X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 3 and 4 showed different intensity of antimicrobial activities against several pathogenic fungi and bacteria, and antiproliferative activities against two human prostate cancer cell lines (IC 50 values 2.77 to 9.60 μM). Further, stemphone C ( 4 ) showed a reducing PC-3 cell colony formation, inducing apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle at S-phase in a dose-dependent manner; thus, it could be considered as a potential antiproliferative agent and a promising anti-prostate cancer lead compound.