A multidentate copper complex on magnetic biochar nanoparticles as a practical and recoverable nanocatalyst for the selective synthesis of tetrazole derivatives.
Marwan Majeed MaseerTavan KikhavaniBahman TahmasbiPublished in: Nanoscale advances (2024)
Waste recycling, novel and easy methods of recycling catalysts, use of green solvents, use of selective catalysts and preventing the production of by-products are the most important principles of green chemistry and modern technology. Therefore, in this work, biochar nanoparticles (B-NPs) were synthesized by the pyrolysis of chicken manure as a novel method for waste recycling. Subsequently, the B-NPs were magnetized by Fe(0) nanoparticles to improve the easy recovery of biochar. Then, the surface of biochar magnetic nanoparticles (FeB-MNPs) was modified by (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (3Cl-PTMS). Finally, a multidentate copper complex of 2,2'-(propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy))dianiline (P.bis(OA)) was immobilized on the surface of modified FeB-MNPs, which was labeled as Cu-P.bis(OA)@FeB-MNPs. Cu-P.bis(OA)@FeB-MNPs was investigated as a commercial, homoselective, practical, and recyclable nanocatalyst in the synthesis of 5-substituted-1 H -tetrazole compounds through the [3 + 2] cycloaddition of sodium azide (NaN 3 ) and organo-nitriles in polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) as a green solvent. Cu-P.bis(OA)@FeB-MNPs was characterized using wavelength dispersive X-ray (WDX) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and N 2 adsorption-desorption (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method) techniques. Cu-P.bis(OA)@FeB-MNPs was recovered and reused for several runs in the synthesis of tetrazoles.
Keyphrases
- ionic liquid
- sewage sludge
- electron microscopy
- heavy metals
- high resolution
- aqueous solution
- anaerobic digestion
- metal organic framework
- knee osteoarthritis
- oxide nanoparticles
- municipal solid waste
- magnetic nanoparticles
- single molecule
- risk assessment
- mass spectrometry
- solid state
- drug delivery
- wastewater treatment
- organic matter
- molecularly imprinted
- high speed
- magnetic resonance
- atomic force microscopy
- life cycle