Range of Risk Factor Levels, Risk Control, and Temporal Trends for Nephropathy and End-stage Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.
Janita HalminenNaveed SattarAraz RawshaniBjörn EliassonKatarina Eeg-OlofssonDeepak L BhattAidin RawshaniPublished in: Diabetes care (2022)
Incidence of diabetic nephropathy has declined substantially, whereas ESKD incidence has increased. Traditional and modifiable risk factors below target levels were associated with lower risks for outcomes, particularly notable for the causal risk factors of SBP and HbA1c, with potential implications for care.