Neurocognitive Profile and 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Brain Imaging Correlation in Children with Electrical Status Epilepticus during Sleep.
Madhur K SrivastavaAfshan J ShaikSireesha YareedaKavitha NallapareddyLokesh LingappaPallavi MoturiPadmaja GaddamonuguRukmini M KandadaiRupam BorgohainPublished in: World journal of nuclear medicine (2023)
Objective Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) is defined by near-continuous epileptiform discharges during sleep along with cognitive, behavioral, and/or imaging abnormalities. We studied the neurocognitive profile and their correlation with 18 F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) brain abnormalities in children with ESES. Methods Fourteen children with ESES with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from March to December 2019 were included. The intelligence quotient (IQ) and child behavior checklist (CBCL) scores were estimated using validated scales, and FDG PET brain was done at the same point of time to look for cerebral metabolic defects which was compared with a control group. Results Fourteen patients with a mean age of 8.2 ± 2.7 years were analyzed. The average duration of epilepsy was 6 ± 2.8 years. The mean IQ was 72.4 ± 18.2 and mean CBCL score was 37.3 ± 11.8. There was negative correlation between IQ and CBCL ( r = -0.55, p < 0.001). The duration of epilepsy also showed negative correlation with IQ ( r = -4.75, p < 0.001). FDG PET scan showed predominant thalamic hypometabolism in 12 of 14 patients (85.7%) on visual analysis with multiple other hypometabolic cortical and subcortical regions in the brain. The quantitative analysis showed significant difference in metabolism of basal ganglion when compared with control group. The total number of hypometabolic regions seen in the brain showed moderate positive correlation with CBCL score but no significant correlation with the IQ of cases. Conclusion This study demonstrates functional impairment of cerebral cortical, basal ganglia, and thalamic hypometabolism in a cohort of ESES patients with normal structural MRI brain study. There was a moderate correlation of extent and pattern of cerebral hypometabolism with the neuropsychological status of the child and duration of epilepsy.
Keyphrases
- positron emission tomography
- computed tomography
- pet ct
- magnetic resonance imaging
- white matter
- pet imaging
- resting state
- cerebral ischemia
- contrast enhanced
- young adults
- functional connectivity
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- mental health
- high resolution
- high intensity
- multiple sclerosis
- end stage renal disease
- blood brain barrier
- depressive symptoms
- magnetic resonance
- prognostic factors
- spinal cord
- spinal cord injury
- mild cognitive impairment
- diffusion weighted imaging
- optical coherence tomography