Clarithromycin-Rifampin-Based Treatment for Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Immunocompromised Patients who Require Concomitant CYP-Metabolized Medications.

Clarithromycin (CYP inhibitor) can be used instead of azithromycin for nontuberculous mycobacteria therapy in patients requiring CYP substrates to mitigate rifampin's CYP induction. We found no differences in adverse events (10/13 vs 14/17; P  = .73), drug intolerability (1/5 vs 4/11; P  = 1), or 90-day mortality (0/13 vs 1/17; P  = 1) in patients receiving clarithromycin vs azithromycin.