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Is There a Correlation Between Immune Thrombocytopenia and Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease?

Dorela LameMichelangelo PianelliErika MorsiaAttilio OlivieriAntonella Poloni
Published in: Journal of hematology (2024)
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition causing organ swelling and fibrosis. Rarely, it coexists with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), characterized by low platelet count (< 100 × 10 6 /L) without an underlying cause. We present a case of a 56-year-old woman diagnosed with ITP in 2005, successfully treated with dexamethasone and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). In 2011, she was diagnosed with IgG4-RD, type I autoimmune pancreatitis, initially treated with steroids then azathioprine with no response. ITP relapses were managed with prednisone/IVIG, rituximab, and thrombopoietin-receptor agonist therapy. Fostamatinib provided temporary relief, but platelet count dropped again in 2023. Combination therapy with small doses of prednisone and mycophenolate showed a partial response, maintaining platelet count over 50 × 10 6 /L. Further investigation is warranted to explore any correlation between these two conditions, especially considering the patient's prolonged response to immunosuppressors.
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