Monoclonal Antibodies: The Greatest Resource to Treat Multiple Myeloma.
Fabiola De LucaAlessandro AllegraCarla Di ChioSanto PrevitiMaria ZappalàRoberta EttariPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a currently incurable hematologic cancer. This disease is characterized by immunological alterations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes. The first-line therapy involves the use of classic chemotherapy; however, many patients have a relapsed form that could evolve into a refractory MM. The new therapeutic frontiers involve the use of new monoclonal antibodies (Mab) such as daratumumab, isatuximab, and elotuzumab. In addition to monoclonal antibodies, new immunotherapies based on modern bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy have been investigated. For this reason, immunotherapy represents the greatest hope for the treatment of MM. This review intends to focus the attention on the new approved antibody targets. The most important are: CD38 (daratumumab and isatuximab), SLAM7 (elotuzumab), and BCMA (belantamab mafodotin) for the treatment of MM currently used in clinical practice. Although the disease is still incurable, the future perspective is to find the best therapeutic combination among all available drugs.
Keyphrases
- multiple myeloma
- cell therapy
- clinical practice
- end stage renal disease
- acute myeloid leukemia
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- prognostic factors
- dendritic cells
- mesenchymal stem cells
- squamous cell carcinoma
- peritoneal dialysis
- cell cycle arrest
- young adults
- radiation therapy
- cell proliferation
- locally advanced
- single molecule
- lymph node metastasis
- high speed
- replacement therapy
- atomic force microscopy
- hodgkin lymphoma
- rectal cancer
- drug administration