Multi-omics analyses and machine learning prediction of oviductal responses in the presence of gametes and embryos.

We conducted a detailed molecular study of how the oviduct changes its gene expression and protein production in response to sperm and embryos after mating in mice. We found that the oviduct has distinct molecular signatures in different regions - upper versus lower regions. Shortly after mating, inflammatory responses are turned on in the lower regions due to the presence of sperm. A bit later, metabolic genes ramp up in the lower regions, likely to provide nutrients for the developing embryos. Overall, this multi-omics study revealed the oviduct dynamically adapts its molecular makeup over time and space to accommodate and support sperm, eggs and embryos.