The Association between Vitamin D Hypovitaminosis and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Saudi Diabetic Patients Type II.

We evaluated the prevalence and association of Vitamin D deficiency with glycemic control and CVD risk in T2DM patients. Serum 25 (OH)D 3 , lipid profile, glucose panel, HbA1c, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR were assessed in 93 T2DM patients and 69 controls. 10 years and lifetime ASCVD risk scores were calculated. The levels of 25(OH)D 3 were significantly low in T2DM patients compared to the control. T2DM patients with hypovitaminosis D displayed significantly increased FBG, insulin, and HOMA-IR compared to normovitaminosis. Their lifetime and 10-year ASCVD risk scores were significantly higher regardless of vitamin D deficiency levels ( P =0.006; P =0.023) in comparison to patients with sufficient levels of vitamin D. Among patients, the lifetime and 10 years of ASCVD risk showed a significant negative correlation with serum 25(OH)D 3 and HDLc ( P =0.037; 0.018) ( P =0.0001), respectively, and significant positive correlation with T2DM duration, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR ( P =0.018; 0.0001) ( P =0.002; 0.001) ( P =0.005; 0.001), respectively. The 10-year ASCVD risk exhibited a significant positive correlation with FBG ( P =0.003) and HbA1c ( P =0.009). T2DM duration was a predictor of vitamin D deficiency among T2DM patients ( β  = 0.22; CI = 0.002-0.04). There is a considerable association between lifetime and 10 years of ASCVD risk with hypovitaminosis D in T2DM, regardless of the deficiency levels which could be predicted by the diabetes duration.