Repair Engineering of Crystal Structure in van der Waals Materials by Probe Electron Beam.

The advancement of electronic technology has led to increasing research on performance and stability. Continuous electrical pulse stimulation can cause crystal structure changes, affecting performance and accelerating aging. Controlled repair of these defects is crucial. In this study, we investigated crystal structure changes in van der Waals (vdW) InSe crystals under continuous electric pulses by using electron beam lithography (EBL) and spherical aberration corrected transmission electron microscopy (Cs-TEM). Results show that electrical pulses induce amorphous regions in the InSe lattice, increasing the device resistance. We used Cs-STEM probe scanning for precise repair, abbreviated SPRT, to optimize device performance. SPRT is related to electric fields induced by the electron beam and can be applied to other 2D materials like α-In 2 Se 3 and CrSe 2 , offering a potential approach to extend device lifespan.