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Genetic Diversity and Sequence Conservation of Peptide-Binding Regions of MHC Class I Genes in Pig, Cattle, Chimpanzee, and Human.

Seungyeon YoukMingue KangByeongyong AhnYang Mo KooChankyu Park
Published in: Genes (2023)
Comparative analyses of MHC gene diversity and evolution across different species could offer valuable insights into the evolution of MHC genes. Intra- and inter-species sequence diversity and conservation of 12 classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes from cattle, chimpanzees, pigs, and humans was analyzed using 20 representative allelic groups for each gene. The combined analysis of paralogous loci for each species revealed that intra-locus amino-acid sequence variations in the peptide-binding region (PBR) of MHC I genes did not differ significantly between species, ranging from 8.44% for SLA to 10.75% for BoLA class I genes. In contrast, intraspecies differences in the non-PBRs of these paralogous genes were more pronounced, varying from 4.59% for SLA to 16.89% for HLA . Interestingly, the Shannon diversity index and rate of nonsynonymous substitutions for PBR were significantly higher in SLA and BoLA than those in Patr and HLA . Analysis of peptide-binding pockets across all analyzed MHC class I genes of the four species indicated that pockets A and E showed the lowest and highest diversity, respectively. The estimated divergence times suggest that primate and artiodactyl MHC class I genes diverged 60.41 Mya, and BoLA and SLA genes diverged 35.34 Mya. These results offer new insights into the conservation and diversity of MHC class I genes in various mammalian species.
Keyphrases
  • genome wide
  • genome wide identification
  • bioinformatics analysis
  • genetic diversity
  • genome wide analysis
  • amino acid
  • magnetic resonance
  • copy number
  • gene expression
  • transcription factor
  • computed tomography