Serum Cortisol, 25 (OH)D, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Serum cortisol was associated with the prevalence of stroke and cardiovascular risk factors, and the associations of cortisol with cardiovascular risk factors were moderated by 25 (OH)D, suggesting that T2DM patients with exposure to lower 25 (OH)D levels and higher cortisol levels were more susceptible to have higher cardiovascular risk factors.