[Acute coronary syndrome: diagnosis and treatment].
Julia StehliBarbara E StähliPublished in: Praxis (2024)
In Switzerland, about 20 000 people experience an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event each year. Acute coronary syndromes comprise ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina. The diagnosis is made based on the clinical presentation, a rise in cardiac biomarkers, and ischemic ECG changes. In patients with acute STEMI, urgent coronary angiography with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to open the occluded artery is indicated. In patients with NSTEMI and unstable angina, the timing of coronary angiography and PCI is based on the clinical presentation and on a comprehensive and individualized risk stratification. Optimal secondary prevention and aggressive cardiovascular risk factor control are important following the acute event. Keywords.
Keyphrases
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- acute coronary syndrome
- st segment elevation myocardial infarction
- st elevation myocardial infarction
- antiplatelet therapy
- acute myocardial infarction
- coronary artery bypass grafting
- risk factors
- liver failure
- coronary artery bypass
- respiratory failure
- minimally invasive
- coronary artery disease
- heart rate
- left ventricular
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- heart rate variability
- aortic dissection
- hepatitis b virus
- heart failure
- coronary artery
- intensive care unit
- blood pressure
- oxidative stress
- brain injury
- cerebral ischemia
- subarachnoid hemorrhage