The Mitotic Apparatus and Kinetochores in Microcephaly and Neurodevelopmental Diseases.
Francesca DegrassiMichela DamiziaPatrizia LaviaPublished in: Cells (2019)
Regulators of mitotic division, when dysfunctional or expressed in a deregulated manner (over- or underexpressed) in somatic cells, cause chromosome instability, which is a predisposing condition to cancer that is associated with unrestricted proliferation. Genes encoding mitotic regulators are growingly implicated in neurodevelopmental diseases. Here, we briefly summarize existing knowledge on how microcephaly-related mitotic genes operate in the control of chromosome segregation during mitosis in somatic cells, with a special focus on the role of kinetochore factors. Then, we review evidence implicating mitotic apparatus- and kinetochore-resident factors in the origin of congenital microcephaly. We discuss data emerging from these works, which suggest a critical role of correct mitotic division in controlling neuronal cell proliferation and shaping the architecture of the central nervous system.
Keyphrases
- cell cycle
- zika virus
- cell proliferation
- induced apoptosis
- intellectual disability
- copy number
- cell cycle arrest
- healthcare
- signaling pathway
- transcription factor
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- machine learning
- oxidative stress
- pi k akt
- patient safety
- dna methylation
- genome wide identification
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- gene expression
- brain injury
- cerebrospinal fluid
- artificial intelligence
- blood brain barrier
- data analysis