Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on environment, society, and food security.
Hafiz Mohkum HammadHafiz Muhammad Fasihuddin NaumanFarhat AbbasRashid JawadWajid FarhadMuhammad ShahidHafiz Faiq BakhatAitazaz A FarooqueMuhammad MubeenShah FahadArtemi CerdaPublished in: Environmental science and pollution research international (2023)
Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is a viral and transferable disease caused by severe respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2. It can spread through breathing droplets in human beings. It caused 5.32 million deaths around the world at the end of 2021. COVID-19 has caused several positive impacts as well, such as a reduction in air, water, and noise pollution. However, its negative impacts are by far critical such as increased death rate, increased release of microcontaminants (pesticides, biocides, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), flame retardants, and heavy metals), increased biomedical waste generation due to excessive use of safety equipment and its disposal, and municipal solid waste generation. Environmental pollution was significantly reduced due to lockdown during the COVID-19 period. Therefore, the quality of air and water improved. COVID-19 affected all sections of the population, particularly the most vulnerable members of society, and thus pushed more people into poverty. At the world level, it increased risks to food safety by increasing prices and lowering revenues, forcing households to reduce their food consumption in terms of quantity and quality. COVID-19 also upset various exercises e.g., horticulture, fisheries, domesticated animals, and agribusiness hence prohibiting the development of merchandise for poor-country ranchers. Most of the patients can self-recover from COVID-19 if they do not have any other diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart problems. Predictably, the appropriate execution of the proposed approaches (vaccination, wearing face masks, social distancing, sustainable industrialization) is helpful for worldwide environmental sustainability.
Keyphrases
- coronavirus disease
- sars cov
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- heavy metals
- human health
- risk assessment
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- municipal solid waste
- blood pressure
- health risk assessment
- mental health
- heart failure
- endothelial cells
- cardiovascular disease
- sewage sludge
- particulate matter
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- quality improvement
- adipose tissue
- climate change
- physical activity
- insulin resistance
- drinking water
- prognostic factors
- high resolution
- atrial fibrillation
- high intensity
- water quality
- drug induced