Practical approach to a patient with a fever after travelling to the tropics.

By 2030, an estimated two billion international tourist trips are expected annually worldwide, with Poland as an important contributor. Illness rates among returnees from developing regions hover between 43-79%. Properly diagnosing fever in these travelers is vital due to potential severe implications. After visiting tropical and subtropical zones, the main health complaints are diarrhea, fever, and skin changes. A reliable diagnosis begins with a comprehensive travel history and identifying risks. In travelers from sub-Saharan Africa, malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is the main cause of the fever, affecting 50 in every 1000. For Southeast Asia returnees, dengue is dominant, impacting 50-60 per 1000 and its prevalence rises significantly nowadays. Other significant diseases include chikungunya, zika, typhoid, amoebic liver abscess, and   occasionally viral hemorrhagic fevers. SARS- CoV-2 and influenza virus are crucial pathogens as well. An in-depth travel assessment, combined with tropical disease knowledge, sharpens diagnoses, with algorithms aiding in selecting the appropriate tests and methods.