Spontaneous thrombosis of type II vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation: a case report.
Stefan BogovskiKristina SirakovaStanimir S SirakovPublished in: Folia medica (2024)
Vein of Galen malformations (VGAMs) are rare and complex congenital brain vascular anomalies that pose significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. The natural history of this type of vascular anomaly is very poor, with many patients succumbing to complications such as congestive heart failure, hydrocephalus, and brain parenchymal injury. Although the clinical course of most VGAMs was considered unfortunate, with meticulous imaging, a group of lesions with a more placid presentation and course can be identified.
Keyphrases
- heart failure
- end stage renal disease
- white matter
- resting state
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- high resolution
- prognostic factors
- functional connectivity
- left ventricular
- risk factors
- atrial fibrillation
- combination therapy
- multiple sclerosis
- cerebrospinal fluid
- replacement therapy
- blood brain barrier
- brain injury
- smoking cessation
- cardiac resynchronization therapy