Undernutrition in the parental and first generation provokes an organ-specific response to oxidative stress on neonates of second filial generation of Wistar rats.

Undernutrition induces an increase of the oxidative stress that can predispose offspring to various diseases in adulthood through epigenetic reprogramming. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intergenerational undernutrition on protein oxidation and antioxidant defence response on liver, heart and brain of the second-generation neonates (F2 ) of undernourished rats. For this purpose, both parents in parental (F0 ) and first generation (F1 ) were fed with a low-nutrient diet. Body mass and length decreased (p < 0.05) in F0 , F1 and F2 being the F1 males who exhibited a greater mass loss. A decrease in plasma albumin concentration was observed in F2 neonates (p < 0.05) and also a mass loss of liver, heart and brain (p < 0.05), although proportionally to body length reduction. Undernutrition increased levels of protein oxidation in liver and heart (p < 0.05) but not in brain (p > 0.05) while catalase activity increased only in brain (p < 0.05). In summary, intergenerational undernutrition modifies the antioxidant status through an organ-specific response, on F2 neonate rats, where the brain increased catalase activity to prevent a severe oxidative damage and support the vital functions of this key organ to maintain vital functions.