Self-Regenerating Photothermal Agents for Tandem Photothermal and Thermodynamic Tumor Therapy.
Xiangli LiYao-Wen JiangWen-Jing TangShuzhen YueWei WangHuiqin YaoJunpeng XuZixuan ChenJun-Jie ZhuPublished in: Small methods (2024)
Small molecule-based photothermal agents (PTAs) hold promising future for photothermal therapy; however, unexpected inactivation exerts negative impacts on their application clinically. Herein, a self-regenerating PTA strategy is proposed by integrating 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS •+ ) with a thermodynamic agent (TDA) 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride (AIPH). Under NIR laser, the photothermal effect of ABTS •+ accelerates the production of alkyl radicals by AIPH, which activates the regeneration of ABTS •+ , thus creating a continuous positive feedback loop between photothermal and thermodynamic effects. The combination of ABTS •+ regeneration and alkyl radical production leads to the tandem photothermal and thermodynamic tumor therapy. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that the synergistic action of thermal ablation, radical damage, and oxidative stress effectively realizes tumor suppression. This work offers a promising approach to address the unwanted inactivation of PTAs and provides valuable insights for optimizing combination therapy.
Keyphrases
- photodynamic therapy
- cancer therapy
- drug release
- drug delivery
- oxidative stress
- small molecule
- combination therapy
- ionic liquid
- stem cells
- fluorescence imaging
- aqueous solution
- dna damage
- bone marrow
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- transcription factor
- induced apoptosis
- signaling pathway
- high speed
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- high resolution