Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: Genomics and Biomarkers with Focus on Local Therapies.
Yuliya KitselTimothy CookeVlasios S SotirchosConstantinos T SofocleousPublished in: Cancers (2023)
Molecular cancer biomarkers help personalize treatment, predict oncologic outcomes, and identify patients who can benefit from specific targeted therapies. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-most common cancer, with the liver being the most frequent visceral metastatic site. KRAS, NRAS, BRAF V600E Mutations, DNA Mismatch Repair Deficiency/Microsatellite Instability Status, HER2 Amplification, and NTRK Fusions are NCCN approved and actionable molecular biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Additional biomarkers are also described and can be helpful in different image-guided hepatic directed therapies specifically for CRLM. For example, tumors maintaining the Ki-67 proliferation marker after thermal ablation have been particularly resilient to ablation. Ablation margin was also shown to be an important factor in predicting local recurrence, with a ≥10 mm minimal ablation margin being required to attain local tumor control, especially for patients with mutant KRAS CRLM.
Keyphrases
- wild type
- papillary thyroid
- liver metastases
- radiofrequency ablation
- squamous cell
- squamous cell carcinoma
- type diabetes
- catheter ablation
- small cell lung cancer
- nucleic acid
- signaling pathway
- skeletal muscle
- single cell
- cell free
- atrial fibrillation
- minimally invasive
- lymph node metastasis
- radiation therapy
- genetic diversity