Self-Assembling Porphyrins as a Single Therapeutic Agent for Synergistic Cancer Therapy: A One Stone Three Birds Strategy.
Jun ChenFeng ChenLei ZhangZhangyou YangTao DengYunfei ZhaoTianye ZhengXuelan GanHangtian ZhongYanqing GengXinwei FuYuanqiang WangChao YuPublished in: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2021)
Combining photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and ferroptosis is a valuable means for an enhanced anticancer effect. However, traditional combination of PDT/CDT/ferroptosis faces several hurdles, including excess glutathione (GSH) neutralization and preparation complexity. In this work, a versatile multifunctional nanoparticle (HCNP) self-assembled from two porphyrin molecules, chlorin e6 and hemin, is developed. The as-constructed HCNPs exhibit a peroxidase-mimic catalytic activity, which can lead to the in situ generation of endogenous O2, thereby enhancing the efficacy of PDT. Furthermore, the generation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) in the tumor environment in reaction to the high level of H2O2 and the simultaneous disruption of intracellular GSH endow the HCNPs with the capacity of enhanced CDT, resulting in a more effective therapeutic outcome in combination with PDT. More importantly, GSH depletion further leads to the inactivation of GSH peroxide 4 and induced ferroptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo results showed that the combination of PDT/CDT/ferroptosis realizes highest antitumor efficacy significantly under laser irradiation. Therefore, by integrating the superiorities of O2 and •OH generation capacity, GSH-depletion effect, and bioimaging into a single nanosystem, the HCNPs are a promising single therapeutic agent for tumor PDT/CDT/ferroptosis combination therapy.
Keyphrases
- photodynamic therapy
- cell death
- fluorescent probe
- cancer therapy
- fluorescence imaging
- combination therapy
- living cells
- drug delivery
- stem cells
- high glucose
- hydrogen peroxide
- bone marrow
- nitric oxide
- diabetic rats
- quantum dots
- reactive oxygen species
- mass spectrometry
- endothelial cells
- radiation induced
- oxidative stress
- liquid chromatography