Intestinal Availability and Metabolic Effects of Dietary Camelina Sphingolipids during the Metabolic Syndrome Onset in Mice.

Sphingolipids appear as a promising class of components susceptible to prevent the onset of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Gut availability and effects of Camelina sativa sphingolipids were investigated in a mouse model of dietary-induced MetS. Seed meals from two Camelina sativa lines enriched, respectively, in C24- and C16-NH2- glycosyl-inositol-phosphoryl-ceramides (NH2GIPC) were used in hypercaloric diets. After 5 weeks on these two hypercaloric diets, two markers of the MetS were alleviated (adiposity and insulin resistance) as well as inflammation markers and colon barrier dysfunction. A more pronounced effect was observed with the C16-NH2GIPC-enriched HC diet, in particular for colon barrier function. Despite a lower digestibility, C16-NH2GIPC were more prevalent in the intestine wall. Sphingolipids provided as camelina meal can therefore counteract some deleterious effects of a hypercaloric diet in mice at the intestinal and systemic levels. Interestingly, these beneficial effects seem partly dependent on sphingolipid acyl chain length.