A probiotic treatment increases the immune response induced by the nasal delivery of spore-adsorbed TTFC.
Francisco Denis S SantosArianna MazzoliAna Raquel MaiaAnella SaggeseRachele IsticatoFabio LeiteSusanna IossaEzio RiccaLoredana BaccigalupiPublished in: Microbial cell factories (2020)
Our results indicate that B. toyonensis spores significantly contribute to the humoral and cellular responses elicited by a mucosal immunization with spore-adsorbed TTFC, pointing to the probiotic treatment as an alternative to the use of adjuvants for mucosal vaccinations.