Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Dan LiaoLiang MaJing LiuPing Fu

Published in: PloS one (2019)

The present study highlighted that smoking was an independent risk factor for DN, especially in patients with T1DM. This is the first meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to discuss the relationship between smoking and DN.

Keyphrases

diabetic nephropathy
smoking cessation
type diabetes
metabolic syndrome
adipose tissue