The Influence of Cardiovascular Medications on Iron Metabolism in Patients with Heart Failure.
Oana SirbuVictorita SorodocIrina M JabaMariana FloriaAlexandra StoicaLenuta ProfireCristina TuchilusGabriela RusuLaurentiu SorodocPublished in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) (2019)
Background and objectives: The etiology of anemia associated with heart failure is not fully understood, but there are data suggesting the involvement of multiple mechanisms, including various drug therapies used in patients with heart failure. Our primary objective was to evaluate the impact of beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and calcium-channel blockers on iron metabolism in patients with heart failure. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study that included patients diagnosed with heart failure and iron deficiency (defined by ferritin <100 μg/L, or 100-300 μg/L with transferrin saturation <20%). Patients with anemia secondary to a known cause were excluded. Results: We found a statistically significant correlation between beta-blocker treatment and ferritin values (p = 0.02). Iron, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were significantly lower in the patients using calcium-channel blockers than those who were not. We also found a statistically significant indirect correlation (p = 0.04) between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and hematocrit levels. Conclusion: The contribution of our study arises from the additional data regarding the drug-induced etiology of iron deficiency. Practitioners should be aware of the potential impact of therapeutic recommendations and this should imply a close monitoring of the biochemical parameters of iron deficiency in this category of patients.
Keyphrases
- iron deficiency
- angiotensin converting enzyme
- end stage renal disease
- heart failure
- chronic kidney disease
- angiotensin ii
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- drug induced
- prognostic factors
- liver injury
- peritoneal dialysis
- emergency department
- left ventricular
- machine learning
- patient reported outcomes
- clinical practice
- patient reported
- adverse drug