Smokers' Use of E-Cigarettes in Situations Where Smoking Is not Permitted in England: Quarterly Trends 2011-2020 and Associations With Sociodemographic and Smoking Characteristics.

The ability to use nicotine in smoke-free settings appears to be an important part of the appeal of e-cigarettes. It is possible that if e-cigarette use was prohibited in public places, smokers may be deterred from using e-cigarettes alongside combustible tobacco, which could undermine quitting. Our results suggest disadvantaged and more addicted smokers would be disproportionately affected, suggesting such restrictions may contribute to inequalities in smoking and associated health outcomes.