Tutorials in vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy. II. Designing a broadband vibrational sum frequency generation spectrometer.

In this Tutorial series, we aim to provide an accessible introduction to vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy, targeted toward people entering the VSFG world without a rigorous formal background in optical physics or nonlinear spectroscopy. In this article, we describe in depth how a broadband VSFG spectrometer is designed and constructed, using the instrument in SurfLab, Aarhus University, as an illustrative case. Detailed information about specific instrumentation (together with reasons why things are the way they are) is given throughout. This information is often omitted in other descriptions of such instrumentation and so will be invaluable to people new to the field.