Real-World Nivolumab Wastage and Leftover Drug Stability Assessment to Facilitate Drug Vial Optimization for Cost Savings.

Significant drug wastage occurs during sterile preparation of nivolumab according to body weight-based dosing. Although nivolumab dosing has been changed to a fixed dose in Japan, body weight-based dosing is still applied in some other countries, as well as in combination therapy with ipilimumab. Our findings regarding the long-term stability of leftover nivolumab within the vials should motivate hospitals to implement DVO for cost savings.