Exercise and Bone Health in Cancer: Enemy or Ally?
Alice AvanciniGiulia BenatoAnita BorsatiLuca OlivieroLorenzo BelluominiMarco SpositoDaniela TregnagoIlaria TrestiniJessica InsoldaFrancesca ZacchiElena FiorioFederico SchenaMichele MilellaSara PilottoPublished in: Cancers (2022)
Bone health is often threatened in cancer patients. Bone metastasis and osteoporosis frequently occur in patients with cancer and may lead to different skeletal-related events, which may negatively affect patients' quality of life and are associated with high mortality risk. Physical exercise has been recognized as a potential adjunctive strategy in the cancer setting to improve physical function as well as treatment-related side effects. Nevertheless, exercise is often not recommended to patients with bone health impairments due to safety concerns. In the current review, we aimed, through a comprehensive review of the evidence, to explore the impact of exercise in terms of safety profile, bone outcomes, and the effects on other outcomes in patients with cancer affected by bone metastasis or at high risk of losing bone. Additionally, we explored the potential mechanisms by which exercise may act on bone, particularly the impact of mechanical load on bone remodeling. Finally, considerations about exercise prescription and programming in these populations are also discussed.
Keyphrases
- bone mineral density
- soft tissue
- bone loss
- public health
- high intensity
- bone regeneration
- healthcare
- physical activity
- mental health
- body composition
- papillary thyroid
- end stage renal disease
- squamous cell carcinoma
- newly diagnosed
- skeletal muscle
- peritoneal dialysis
- lymph node metastasis
- risk assessment
- young adults
- smoking cessation
- insulin resistance