TiO 2 nanoparticles abrogate the protective effect of the Crohn's disease-associated variation within the PTPN22 gene locus.
Marlene SchwarzfischerAnna NiechcialKristina HandlerYasser MorsyMarcin WawrzyniakAndrea S LaimbacherKirstin AtrottRoberto ManziniKatharina BaeblerLarissa HeringEgle KatkeviciutėJanine HäfligerSilvia LangMaja E KellerJérôme WoodtliLisa EisenbeissThomas KraemerElisabeth M SchranerMahesa WiesendangerSebastian ZeissigGerhard RoglerAndreas E MoorMichael ScharlMarianne Rebecca SpalingerPublished in: Gut (2022)
nanoparticles might have adverse effects on the gastrointestinal health of individuals carrying the PTPN22 variant. This demonstrates that environmental factors interact with genetic risk variants and can reverse a protective mechanism into a disease-promoting effect.