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A binary effector module secreted by a type VI secretion system.

Yasmin DarBiswanath JanaEran BosisDor Salomon
Published in: EMBO reports (2021)
Gram-negative bacteria use type VI secretion systems (T6SSs) to deliver toxic effector proteins into neighboring cells. Cargo effectors are secreted by binding noncovalently to the T6SS apparatus. Occasionally, effector secretion is assisted by an adaptor protein, although the adaptor itself is not secreted. Here, we report a new T6SS secretion mechanism, in which an effector and a co-effector are secreted together. Specifically, we identify a novel periplasm-targeting effector that is secreted together with its co-effector, which contains a MIX (marker for type sIX effector) domain previously reported only in polymorphic toxins. The effector and co-effector directly interact, and they are dependent on each other for secretion. We term this new secretion mechanism "a binary effector module," and we show that it is widely distributed in marine bacteria.
Keyphrases
  • regulatory t cells
  • type iii
  • dendritic cells
  • preterm infants
  • drug delivery
  • transcription factor
  • endoplasmic reticulum stress
  • dna binding