Thrombocytopenia with acute ischemic stroke and bleeding in a patient newly vaccinated with an adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine.
Rolf Ankerlund BlauenfeldtSøren Risom KristensenSiw Leiknes ErnstsenClaudia Christina Hilt KristensenClaus Ziegler SimonsenAnne-Mette HvasPublished in: Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH (2021)
We describe the first Danish case of presumed inflammatory and thrombotic response to vaccination with an adenoviral (ChAdOx1) vector-based COVID-19 vaccine (AZD1222). The case describes a 60-year-old woman who was admitted with intractable abdominal pain 7 days after receiving the vaccine. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed bilateral adrenal hemorrhages. On the following day, she developed a massive right-sided ischemic stroke and magnetic resonance imaging angiography showed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery. The ischemic area was deemed too large to offer reperfusion therapy. During admission, blood tests showed a remarkable drop in platelet counts from 118,000 to 5000 per μl and a substantial increase in D-dimer. The patient died on the sixth day of hospitalization. Blood tests revealed platelet factor 4 reactive antibodies, imitating what is seen in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. This may be a novel immune-mediated response to the vaccine.
Keyphrases
- acute ischemic stroke
- computed tomography
- magnetic resonance imaging
- internal carotid artery
- coronavirus disease
- sars cov
- case report
- abdominal pain
- emergency department
- atrial fibrillation
- venous thromboembolism
- single cell
- middle cerebral artery
- oxidative stress
- contrast enhanced
- stem cells
- optical coherence tomography
- high glucose
- acute coronary syndrome
- magnetic resonance
- heart failure
- coronary artery disease
- mesenchymal stem cells
- bone marrow
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- drug induced
- endothelial cells
- left ventricular
- peripheral blood
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- subarachnoid hemorrhage