Cerebrolysin improves peripheral inflammatory pain: Sex differences in two models of acute and chronic mechanical hypersensitivity.
Julio C Morales-MedinaGonzalo FloresAnnamaria VallelungaNatalie H GriffithsTommaso IannittiPublished in: Drug development research (2019)
Chronic inflammatory pain is a major health problem worldwide with high prevalence in women. Cerebrolysin is a multimodal neuropeptide preparation that crosses the blood brain barrier and displays neuroprotective properties in aging and disease. Previously, we showed that cerebrolysin reduced mechanical allodynia in a model of persistent inflammation and pain. We aim to build upon the findings of our previous study by investigating the response to acute administration of cerebrolysin in two models of peripheral inflammation and assessing sex differences. We utilized the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) that produces maximal oedema and mechanical allodynia within days and carrageenan that produces similar effects within hours. Cerebrolysin reversed the mechanical allodynia in both sexes in CFA-treated rats. On the other hand, in rats treated with carrageenan, cerebrolysin was only effective in reducing mechanical allodynia in female rats. In conclusion, the present study shows that cerebrolysin effects may be sex-specific depending on different mechanisms that are at play in these two models of peripheral inflammatory pain. Further investigations are required to determine the factors contributing to sex differences.
Keyphrases
- neuropathic pain
- chronic pain
- oxidative stress
- pain management
- spinal cord
- spinal cord injury
- drug induced
- liver failure
- respiratory failure
- public health
- risk factors
- type diabetes
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- mental health
- health information
- hepatitis b virus
- aortic dissection
- metabolic syndrome
- risk assessment
- adipose tissue
- climate change
- blood brain barrier
- high intensity
- brain injury
- pregnancy outcomes
- mechanical ventilation
- acute respiratory distress syndrome