Autophagy: The Potential Link between SARS-CoV-2 and Cancer.
Parham HabibzadehHassan DastsoozMehdi EshraghiMarek J ŁosDaniel J KlionskySaeid GhavmiPublished in: Cancers (2021)
COVID-19 infection survivors suffer from a constellation of symptoms referred to as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. However, in the wake of recent evidence highlighting the long-term persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antigens in tissues and emerging information regarding the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and various components of the host cell macroautophagy/autophagy machinery, the unforeseen long-term consequences of this infection, such as increased risk of malignancies, should be explored. Although SARS-CoV-2 is not considered an oncogenic virus, the possibility of increased risk of cancer among COVID-19 survivors cannot be ruled out. Herein, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms leading to cancer development, particularly obesity-related cancers (e.g., colorectal cancer), resulting from defects in autophagy and the blockade of the autophagic flux, and also immune escape in COVID-19 survivors. We also highlight the potential long-term implications of COVID-19 infection in the prognosis of patients with cancer and their response to different cancer treatments. Finally, we consider future directions for further investigations on this matter.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- papillary thyroid
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- cell death
- squamous cell
- coronavirus disease
- young adults
- signaling pathway
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- oxidative stress
- type diabetes
- insulin resistance
- childhood cancer
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- single cell
- risk assessment
- gene expression
- stem cells
- physical activity
- bone marrow
- dendritic cells
- intensive care unit
- liver failure
- mechanical ventilation
- health information
- cell therapy
- respiratory failure
- human health