The role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology and treatment of common metabolic diseases in humans.
Asen GeorgievCesare GranataMichael RodenPublished in: American journal of physiology. Cell physiology (2022)
Common metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide. They are frequently associated with insulin resistance and altered mitochondrial functionality. Insulin-responsive tissues can show changes in mitochondrial features such as oxidative capacity, mitochondrial content, and turnover, which do not necessarily reflect abnormalities but rather adaptation to a certain metabolic condition. Lifestyle modifications and classic or novel drugs can modify these alterations and help to treat these metabolic diseases. This review addresses the role of mitochondria in human metabolic diseases and discusses potential future research directions.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- oxidative stress
- weight loss
- glycemic control
- endothelial cells
- gene expression
- physical activity
- high fat diet
- skeletal muscle
- reactive oxygen species
- drug delivery
- body mass index
- cancer therapy
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- cardiovascular risk factors
- weight gain
- climate change
- current status
- combination therapy