Artificial Intelligence and Heart-Brain Connections: A Narrative Review on Algorithms Utilization in Clinical Practice.
Giuseppe MicaliFrancesco CoralloMaria PaganoFabio Mauro GiambòAntonio DucaPiercataldo D'AleoAnna AnselmoAlessia BramantiMarina GarofanoEmanuela MazzonPlacido BramantiIrene CappadonaPublished in: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) (2024)
Cardiovascular and neurological diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Such diseases require careful monitoring to effectively manage their progression. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers valuable tools for this purpose through its ability to analyse data and identify predictive patterns. This review evaluated the application of AI in cardiac and neurological diseases for their clinical impact on the general population. We reviewed studies on the application of AI in the neurological and cardiological fields. Our search was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library databases. Of the initial 5862 studies, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies showed that the most commonly used algorithms in these clinical fields are Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network, followed by logistic regression and Support-Vector Machines. In addition, an ECG-AI algorithm based on convolutional neural networks has been developed and has been widely used in several studies for the detection of atrial fibrillation with good accuracy. AI has great potential to support physicians in interpretation, diagnosis, risk assessment and disease management.
Keyphrases
- artificial intelligence
- machine learning
- deep learning
- big data
- convolutional neural network
- case control
- neural network
- atrial fibrillation
- risk assessment
- clinical practice
- public health
- heart failure
- primary care
- type diabetes
- acute coronary syndrome
- cardiovascular disease
- human health
- cardiovascular events
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- heart rate
- blood pressure
- heavy metals
- mitral valve
- catheter ablation
- quantum dots
- subarachnoid hemorrhage