Donated Blood Screening for HIV, HCV and HBV by ID-NAT and the Residual Risk of Iatrogenic Transmission in a Tertiary Care Hospital Blood Bank in Puebla, Mexico.
Francisca Sosa-JuradoRoxana Palencia-LaraCinthia Xicoténcatl-GrijalvaMaribel Bernal-SotoÁlvaro Montiel-JarquinYolanda Ibarra-PichardoNora Hilda Rosas-MurrietaRosalía Lira-CarmonaPaulina Cortes-HernandezGerardo Santos-LópezPublished in: Viruses (2023)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be transmitted by blood transfusion. Most transmission occurs during the acute viremic phase (AVP), before antibody development. To reduce transmission risk, individual donor nucleic acid testing (ID-NAT) is used. In Puebla, Mexico, serological tests and ID-NAT have been applied to screen blood donors and detect individuals in AVP. In the present study, 106,125 blood donors' data in two periods (2012-2015 and 2017-2019) were analyzed. The residual risk (RR) values were calculated considering ID-NAT results. The RR for HIV was 14 in 1 million donations or 1 in 71,428, the RR for HVC was 6.8 in 1 million donations or 1 in 147,058 and, for HBV, it was 156 in 1 million donations, or 1 in 6410. Previously, it was predicted that the transmission RR of these viruses would be reduced in Mexico through better screening with NAT. The use of ID-NAT has, indeed, increased the safety of blood reserves for HIV and HCV. However, more research is needed to determine why the residual risk of HBV did not decrease as much over the study period. ID-NAT is an important complementary tool for blood donor screening that should be implemented.
Keyphrases
- hepatitis c virus
- hepatitis b virus
- human immunodeficiency virus
- liver failure
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv positive
- hiv infected
- hiv testing
- hiv aids
- nucleic acid
- men who have sex with men
- high throughput
- south africa
- respiratory failure
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- big data
- machine learning
- breast cancer risk