Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts toward Practical Fuel Cells: Progress and Perspectives.
Shahid ZamanLei HuangAbdoulkader Ibro DoukaHuan YangBo YouBao Yu XiaPublished in: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) (2021)
Fuel cells are an incredibly powerful renewable energy technology, but their broad applications remains lagging because of the high cost and poor reliability of cathodic electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This review focuses on the recent progress of ORR electrocatalysts in fuel cells. More importantly, it highlights the fundamental problems associated with the insufficient activity translation from rotating disk electrode to membrane electrode assembly in the fuel cells. Finally, for the atomic-level in-depth information on ORR catalysts in fuel cells, potential perspectives are suggested, including large-scale preparation, unified assessment criteria, advanced interpretation techniques, advanced simulation and artificial intelligence. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the fundamental science and technical engineering for efficient ORR electrocatalysts in fuel cells.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- cell cycle arrest
- artificial intelligence
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- machine learning
- cell death
- mental health
- signaling pathway
- high resolution
- climate change
- deep learning
- optical coherence tomography
- risk assessment
- pi k akt
- mass spectrometry
- big data
- simultaneous determination
- molecularly imprinted
- solid state
- solid phase extraction