The Common Pathways of Epileptogenesis in Patients With Epilepsy Post-Brain Injury: Findings From a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

We cannot yet recommend using the reported biomarkers for designing anti-epileptogenesis trials or use in the clinical setting because of methodological heterogeneity, bias in the included studies, and insufficient validation studies. Even though our analyses indicate the plausible role of inflammation in epileptogenesis, this is likely not the only mechanism. For example, an individual's genetic susceptibilities might contribute to his risk of epileptogenesis after brain injury. Rigorously designed biomarker studies with methods acceptable to the regulatory bodies should be conducted.