Locally Recurrent Rectal Cancer According to a Standardized MRI Classification System: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Zena RokanConstantinos SimillisChristos KontovounisiosBrendan MoranParis TekkisGina BrownPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2022)
(1) Background: The classification of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) is not currently standardized. The aim of this review was to evaluate pelvic LRRC according to the Beyond TME (BTME) classification system and to consider commonly associated primary tumour characteristics. (2) Methods: A systematic review of the literature prior to April 2020 was performed through electronic searches of the Science Citation Index Expanded, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL databases. The primary outcome was to assess the location and frequency of previously classified pelvic LRRC and translate this information into the BTME system. Secondary outcomes were assessing primary tumour characteristics. (3) Results: A total of 58 eligible studies classified 4558 sites of LRRC, most commonly found in the central compartment (18%), following anterior resection (44%), in patients with an 'advanced' primary tumour (63%) and following neoadjuvant radiotherapy (29%). Most patients also classified had a low rectal primary tumour. The lymph node status of the primary tumour leading to LRRC was comparable, with 52% node positive versus 48% node negative tumours. (4) Conclusions: This review evaluates the largest number of LRRCs to date using a single classification system. It has also highlighted the need for standardized reporting in order to optimise perioperative treatment planning.
Keyphrases
- rectal cancer
- lymph node
- locally advanced
- magnetic resonance imaging
- emergency department
- healthcare
- newly diagnosed
- early stage
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- computed tomography
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- radiation therapy
- squamous cell carcinoma
- big data
- magnetic resonance
- skeletal muscle
- cardiac surgery
- acute kidney injury
- radiation induced
- contrast enhanced
- adverse drug