Does Physical Activity Regulate Prostate Carcinogenesis and Prostate Cancer Outcomes? A Narrative Review.
Marco CapeceMassimiliano CretaArmando CalogeroRoberto La RoccaLuigi NapolitanoBiagio BaroneAntonello SicaFerdinando FuscoMichele L SantangeloConcetta DodaroCaterina SagnelliNicola CarlomagnoFelice CrocettoGianluigi CalifanoFrancesco MangiapiaNicola LongoPublished in: International journal of environmental research and public health (2020)
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) represents a common disease in men aged >65 years. The role of physical activity (PA) in patients at risk or diagnosed with PCa represents an evolving issue. We aimed to summarize available evidences about the impact of PA on the pathophysiology and clinical outcomes of PCa. Methods: We performed a narrative review. Evidences about the role of PA in elderly patients in terms of PCa biology, epidemiology, oncological and functional outcomes, as well as in terms of impact on the outcomes of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were summarized. Results: Potential pathophysiological pathways hypothesized to explain the benefits of PA in terms of prostate carcinogenesis include circulating levels of Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, sex hormones, and myokines. Clinically, emerging evidences support the hypothesis that PA is associated with decreased PCa risk, improved PCa-related survival, improved functional outcomes, and reduced ADT-related adverse events.
Keyphrases
- prostate cancer
- radical prostatectomy
- physical activity
- oxidative stress
- end stage renal disease
- chronic kidney disease
- body mass index
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- benign prostatic hyperplasia
- skeletal muscle
- risk factors
- rectal cancer
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- insulin resistance
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- growth hormone
- human health
- patient reported outcomes
- cell proliferation
- pi k akt