Stretchable, dynamic covalent polymers for soft, long-lived bioresorbable electronic stimulators designed to facilitate neuromuscular regeneration.
Yeon Sik ChoiYuan-Yu HsuehJahyun KooQuansan YangRaudel AvilaBuwei HuZhaoqian XieGeumbee LeeZheng NingClaire LiuYameng XuYoung Joong LeeWeikang ZhaoJun FangYujun DengSeung Min LeeAbraham Vázquez-GuardadoIwona StepienYing YanJoseph W SongChad R HaneyYong Suk OhWentai LiuHong-Joon YoonAnthony BanksMatthew R MacEwanGuillermo A AmeerWilson Z RayYonggang HuangTao XieColin K FranzSong LiJohn A RogersPublished in: Nature communications (2020)
Bioresorbable electronic stimulators are of rapidly growing interest as unusual therapeutic platforms, i.e., bioelectronic medicines, for treating disease states, accelerating wound healing processes and eliminating infections. Here, we present advanced materials that support operation in these systems over clinically relevant timeframes, ultimately bioresorbing harmlessly to benign products without residues, to eliminate the need for surgical extraction. Our findings overcome key challenges of bioresorbable electronic devices by realizing lifetimes that match clinical needs. The devices exploit a bioresorbable dynamic covalent polymer that facilitates tight bonding to itself and other surfaces, as a soft, elastic substrate and encapsulation coating for wireless electronic components. We describe the underlying features and chemical design considerations for this polymer, and the biocompatibility of its constituent materials. In devices with optimized, wireless designs, these polymers enable stable, long-lived operation as distal stimulators in a rat model of peripheral nerve injuries, thereby demonstrating the potential of programmable long-term electrical stimulation for maintaining muscle receptivity and enhancing functional recovery.