Intracranial venous malformations: Incidence and characterization in a large pediatric cohort.
Karen S ChenAlaa MontaserRamsey AshourDarren B OrbachPublished in: Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences (2020)
Venous malformations, both extracranial and icVM, share many characteristics that are distinct from developmental venous anomalies. icVM were not associated with venous hypertension. The underlying genetic mutations involved in the development of icVM, germ-line or somatic, remain to be elucidated, but may very well involve shared mechanisms and pathways with extracranial venous malformations.