Ultrafast electron transfer at the In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 S-scheme interface for CO 2 photoreduction.

Constructing S-scheme heterojunctions proves proficient in achieving the spatial separation of potent photogenerated charge carriers for their participation in photoreactions. Nonetheless, the restricted contact areas between two phases within S-scheme heterostructures lead to inefficient interfacial charge transport, resulting in low photocatalytic efficiency from a kinetic perspective. Here, In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 S-scheme heterojunctions are fabricated through a straightforward one-step electrospinning technique, enabling intimate contact between the two phases and thereby fostering ultrafast interfacial electron transfer (<10 ps), as analyzed via femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. As a result, powerful photo-electrons and holes accumulate in the Nb 2 O 5 conduction band and In 2 O 3 valence band, respectively, exhibiting extended long lifetimes and facilitating their involvement in subsequent photoreactions. Combined with the efficient chemisorption and activation of stable CO 2 on the Nb 2 O 5 , the resulting In 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 hybrid nanofibers demonstrate improved photocatalytic performance for CO 2 conversion.