Regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis: functions, development, regulation, and therapeutic potential.
Shuaifeng YanKonstantin KotschenreutherShuya DengDavid M KoflerPublished in: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS (2022)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the joints but also leads to systemic inflammation. Auto-reactivity and dysregulation of self-tolerance are thought to play a vital role in disease onset. In the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, disturbed immunosuppressive properties of regulatory T cells contribute to the dysregulation of immune homeostasis. In RA patients, the functions of Treg cells and their frequency are reduced. Therefore, focusing on the re-establishment of self-tolerance by increasing Treg cell frequencies and preventing a loss of function is a promising strategy for the treatment of RA. This approach could be especially beneficial for those patients who do not respond well to current therapies. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the function, differentiation and regulation of Treg cells in RA patients and in animal models of autoimmune arthritis. In addition, we highlight the therapeutic potential as well as the challenges of Treg cell targeting treatment strategies.
Keyphrases
- rheumatoid arthritis
- regulatory t cells
- disease activity
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- induced apoptosis
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- dendritic cells
- ankylosing spondylitis
- healthcare
- interstitial lung disease
- multiple sclerosis
- single cell
- peritoneal dialysis
- stem cells
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- patient reported outcomes
- mesenchymal stem cells
- bone marrow
- systemic sclerosis
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- drug delivery
- drug induced
- signaling pathway